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Tag Archives: Plutarch translation

Plutarch’s Marriage Advice

02 Wednesday Jul 2014

Posted by memoirandremains in Greek, New Testament Background, Plutarch

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conjugalia praecepta, Plutarch translation, Plutarch's Marriage Advice, Plutarch's Moralia

(Here is the complete text of Plutarch’s Marriage Advice. A Word version of the document will be up on the “Books” page):

Introduction:

The traditional marriage rite of Demeter’s priest complete, and you two alone, I propose a word for you both which fits the wedding song and custom – one that will fit your need.  (In music, a common song for the flute called “Horse Rampant” was played to awaken ardor at mating time.)

Now, marriage must not be overlooked among the many excellent matters philosophy may consider. For philosophy can cast a spell upon the life of fellowship, rendering you two gentle, even tame for one-another.

Therefore, since you have been brought up in the points of philosophy, I am sending you this gift. I have ordered my points as short similes, so that they may be easily remembered. I pray that the Muses may be present and work together with Aphrodite – since, neither a lute nor harp should be more in harmony and tune than a marriage and home – which come by reason, harmony and philosophy.  Our ancestors would cause Hermes to sit by Aphrodite, because the pleasure of marriage stands in need of Reason—and Persuasion, and the Graces, so that by persuasion you may obtain those things you desire – rather than by fighting and seeking to conquer.

Section 1: Eat an apple.

Solon directs that a bride should eat an apple. She should do this for her husband, before they lie down together. It seems he speaks in riddles. The answer? Charm from the first should fall from her lips and voice: harmony and pleasure!

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Plutarch’s Marriage Advice, Section 48: The End

16 Monday Jun 2014

Posted by memoirandremains in New Testament Background, Plutarch

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conjugalia praecepta, Education of Women, marriage, New Testament Background, Plutarch, Plutarch Moralia, Plutarch translation, Plutarch's Marriage Advice

This is the final section of Plutarch’s Marriage Advice. The previous post in this series may be found here: https://memoirandremains.wordpress.com/2014/06/12/plutarchs-marriage-advice-section-47-battles/

Section 48:

Eurydice, when it comes to love for decorations, I implore you to read and remember what Aristylla wrote by Timoxena.

Pollianus, don’t dare suppose that your wife will leave off with needless luxuries unless she should see you despising these things in others; this will be especially the case if you are seen rejoicing in gold-covered cups and wall murals and trappings for mules or necklaces for horses.

No, she won’t reject excess in her rooms if she sees that excess has taken over your rooms.

You have already demonstrated that you are  prepared to engage with philosophy, so adorn your character by receiving and considering profitable ideas.  Like a honeybee, look everywhere and bring to your wife whatever would be useful.  Show her the best things and explain them to her in such a way a will be pleasing and understandable.

A father you are to her, and a dear mother

Even a brother

It does not lessen your dignity for your wife to say

A husband

You, now are to me

a guide, philosopher, teacher of the best and divine.

 When women learn such things first, they will reject the needless. A wife would be ashamed to be a dancer when she has learned geometry. She won’t buy into magic spells made from the words of Plato or Xenophon.

When she hears someone promise to bring down the moon, she’ll laugh at the ignorance and silliness of such stories which have tricked so many other women: she not unwillingly learned astronomy – and knows about Aglaonice the daughter of Hegetor of Thessaly, who had thorough knowledge of eclipses and everything concerning the moon and knew before the time in which moon would be caught in the earth’s shadow, deceived and took-in all the women with the idea that she herself pulled down the moon.

Now they say that no woman ever conceived a child without the cooperation of a man, yet there are deformed embryos, fleshy and solid which spring from corruption: these are called “moles”.  Thus, care should be taken to guard against this happening with women’s minds. For if they do not receive the seed of useful words and do not undertake education with their husband, but rather are left to themselves, they will end up with rotten ideas and pathetic conceits.

Yet, you, Eurydice, I sincerely urge to be conversant with the saying of the wise and the good—that voice always have ready, which you have known since you a young girl with us. This will bring joy to your husband and the respect of other women, since you will be adorned with that which is precious and respectable—and nothing else.

For you will not get the expensive pearls of that woman or the rare rubies of another unless you pay the exacting price.  But the adornments of Theano, Cleobulina, Gorgo, the wife of Leonidas, Timocleia, the sister of Theagenes, Claudia of old, Cornelia, daughter of Scipio, as many as have become admired and acclaimed, these things are rightfully laid about as a gift, adorning them gloriously in both life and happiess.

For if Sappho thought well of her of elegantly written verses for a certain rich woman:

Death, you lie there; no memory of you

There shall be: for you do not share in the roses

From Piera

Why then should you not allow yourself to think great-brilliant thoughts of yourself? For you do not only share in the roses but even share the fruits the Muses graciously bear to those who wonder at education and philosophy.

Greek Text and Notes

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Plutarch’s Marriage Advice, Section 47: Battles

12 Thursday Jun 2014

Posted by memoirandremains in Greek, New Testament Background, Plutarch

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conjugalia praecepta, Plutarch, Plutarch translation, Plutarch's Marriage Advice, Plutarch's Moralia

The previous post in this series may be found here: https://memoirandremains.wordpress.com/2014/06/10/plutarchs-marriage-advice-section-46-a-wife-and-the-dark/

Section 47:

Plato advised elderly men to show a sense of shame before the younger men, so that the younger men might have respect for them. “Where the old men are shameless, none of the young men will show honor or respect.”

This is something husbands should remember. The husband must show no one greater respect than he does his wife. Her room will be the instructor for every good order or licentiousness.  If he throws himself into mere pleasures from he tries to turn her away doesn’t differ from one who calls enemies to come battle his wife – while he, himself has already surrendered to them.

 Greek Text & Notes:

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Plutarch’s Marriage Advice Section 46, A Wife and the Dark

10 Tuesday Jun 2014

Posted by memoirandremains in Greek, New Testament Background, Plutarch

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conjugalia praecepta, Greek Translation, NT Background, Plutarch, Plutarch translation, Plutarch's Marriage Advice

The previous post in this series may be found here: https://memoirandremains.wordpress.com/2014/06/04/plutarchs-marriage-advice-section-45-1-peter-31-6/

While was Philip was dragging off a woman, she was heard to say, “Let me go! Every girl is the same when the lights are out!” Now, this might be true of adulterers and slatterns, but not wives. When the light is out and her body is not seen, she should shine with wisdom for her own husband, and devotion & sweet affection.

 

Greek Text & Notes:

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Plutarch’s Marriage Advice, Section 45 & 1 Peter 3:1-6

04 Wednesday Jun 2014

Posted by memoirandremains in 1 Peter, Greek, New Testament Background, Plutarch

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1 Peter 3:1-6, conjugalia praecepta, elephants, fine clothes, Greek Translation, James 2:2, New Testament Background, NT Background, Plutarch, Plutarch translation, Plutarch's Marriage Advice, Romans 12:2, Wives

The previous post in this series may be found here: https://memoirandremains.wordpress.com/2014/06/03/plutarchs-marriage-advice-section-44-cats-bees-wives/

This section concerns wives who have taken up a foreign religion which annoys their husband. As such, it helps inform our understanding of 1 Peter 3:1-6[1]. Peter writes to wives generally, but has in made women who are married to husbands who do not share their new and foreign religion, Christianity. Peter instructs the wives to be respectful and kind with their husbands despite the religious differences.  He in particular commends the wives to be quiet and gentle.

Plutarch speaks of wives who have taken up a new religion and are noisy  and apparently ungentle. Plutarch asks why would a wife seek to enrage her husband. Peter instructs wives not to use Christianity as a cudgel, but rather as a means of demonstrating a better way of living in marriage (among other things).

Peter also commends wives to be careful of they dress. Plutarch speaks of husbands who lose it when see certain colors. I don’t know the reference, but in light noise reference having a religious implication, it may be that certain clothing was required by some cults. Peter, again, tells the wives not to make clothing the point of contention.

Section 45

Those who approach elephants don’t wear flashy clothes, nor red those who approach bulls; because these colors drive the animals absolutely insane. They say that tigers go completely berserk and tear themselves apart when surrounded with drums. 

Some husbands become quite vexed seeing red or purple clothes, others are weighed down by the drums and cymbals.

Really, how hard would it be for their wives to simply abstain and not to do such things and not provoke their husbands? Rather, shouldn’t they live with them in quiet and gentleness?

 

Greek Text and Translation Notes:

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Plutarch’s Marriage Advice, Section 43: Unity and Sin

22 Thursday May 2014

Posted by memoirandremains in Greek, New Testament Background, Plutarch

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conjugalia praecepta, fighting, Gorgias, Harmony, Melanthius, Plutarch, Plutarch Moralia, Plutarch translation, Plutarch's Marriage Advice

The previous post in this series may be found here: https://memoirandremains.wordpress.com/2014/05/15/plutarchs-marriage-advice-section-41-be-careful-where-you-sow/

While Gorgias the orator was reading a speech on unity, Melanthius quipped, “This fellows tells us about unity, when he can’t convince even his household of three (himself, his wife and his female slave) to have unity.” For it seems that a matter arose involving Gorgias’ desire and his wife’s jealousy for that slave girl.

So, it is best for a man’s own house to be in harmony if he seeks to bring harmony to the city and market and friends.

It seems that the crowd forgets the wrongs of a woman before they forget the wrongs done to a woman.

 

Greek Text and Notes:

This story brings to mind:

4 He must manage his own household well, with all dignity keeping his children submissive, 5 for if someone does not know how to manage his own household, how will he care for God’s church? 1 Timothy 3:4–5 (ESV)

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Plutarch’s Marriage Advice, Section 42: Be careful where you sow

15 Thursday May 2014

Posted by memoirandremains in Greek, New Testament Background, Plutarch

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Greek, Greek Translation, NT Background, Plutarch, Plutarch Moralia, Plutarch translation, Plutarch's Marriage Advice

The previous post in this series may be found here: https://memoirandremains.wordpress.com/2014/05/14/plutarchs-marriage-advice-section-41thinking-about-a-rival/

The Athenians observe three sacred ploughings. First in Scrium; this is a memorial of the oldest sowing. The second in Raria, the third near the city called ox-yoking. Of these, the most sacred is marriage sowing and the ploughing to bear children.

Sophocles put it beautifully when he called Aphrodite, “The fruitful Cutherea.”

It is of great important for the husband and wife to use this with reverence; to keep off from unholy and unlawful involvement with others – especially to not sow where they do not desire to yield, which, if there is “fruit” they are ashamed & hide it.

Greek Text & Notes:

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Plutarch’s Marriage Advice, Section 41:Thinking about a rival

14 Wednesday May 2014

Posted by memoirandremains in Greek, Literature, New Testament Background, Plutarch

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conjugalia praecepta, divorce, Greek, Greek Translation, jealousy, marriage, NT Background, Plutarch, Plutarch Moralia, Plutarch translation, Plutarch's Marriage Advice

The previous post in this series may be found here: https://memoirandremains.wordpress.com/2014/05/13/plutarchs-marriage-advice-section-40-do-not-listen-to-slanderers/

Upon seeing the runaway slave which he had been pursuing, go ahead to hide in the mill, said – when he caught him, “What better place could I have found you than here!”

In the same way, a wife who is in a rage and suing out a bill of divorce on account of jealousy for her husband, should say to herself, “What better place could that woman find me, than doing this and  burning against my husband and in a public war with him; leaving my own house and my very own  bedroom!”  

Greek Text and Notes:  Continue reading →

Plutarch’s Marriage Advice, Section 40: Do Not Listen to Slanderers

13 Tuesday May 2014

Posted by memoirandremains in Uncategorized

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Andromache, conjugalia praecepta, Euripides, Granville Sharp Rule, Greek Grammar, Philip, Plutarch, Plutarch Moralia, Plutarch translation, Plutarch's Marriage Advice, Slander, Whisperers

The previous post in this series may be found here: https://memoirandremains.wordpress.com/2014/05/10/plutarchs-marriage-advice-section-39-protecting-the-bed/

 Hermione seems to speak the truth when she says,

My destruction came through evil women

Yet, it does not come about quite this simply. It happens when fights and jealousies with her husband opens her door – and not only her door, but her ears to such women.  It is then – especially when things are difficult – that the wife must close up her ears and guard against these whisperers; otherwise, fire will be heaped upon fire. Before this happens, she needs to remember a saying of Philip: For when his friends were provoking him against the Greeks on the ground that he was good them but they were speaking evil of him, he said, “What would happen if I were to do them evil?”

Thus, when the slanderers say to a wife, “Your husband is hurting such a loving and virtuous wife!” she should return, “What would happen if I were to begin to hate and mistreat him?”

 

Greek Text and Notes:

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Plutarch’s Marriage Advice, Section 39: Protecting the Bed

10 Saturday May 2014

Posted by memoirandremains in Greek, New Testament Background, Plutarch

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conjugalia praecepta, Granville Sharp Rule, Greek Grammar, Plutarch, Plutarch Moralia, Plutarch translation, Plutarch's Marriage Advice, Wallace

The previous post in this series may be found here: http://wp.me/p1S7fR-243

At every time and in every place a wife must flee fighting with her husband – she needs to be especially careful of contention when they’re alone in bed and supposedly resting.

It’s like the woman who, when being forced to bed, asked, “How will my bed heal the troubles which came upon me when I was in bed?” For when contention and name-calling and angry passions spring up from the bed, they will not be easily fixed in another place or at another time.

 

GREEK TEXT & NOTES:  Continue reading →

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